石油圈
從建井到棄井的整個過程中，確保油井的完整性對于避免對人、環境和資產造成損害至關重要。
來自 | BHGE
編譯 | 白小明 影子
井筒完整性失效造成的災難性事故，正成為行業對相關保障措施的實施和評價進行改進的主要驅動因素。對保障措施的評估必須在任何可能的條件下均得力、可靠、及時，只有這樣，它才能在對當前的油井作業采取降低風險的決策中發揮重要作用，才能在后續井作業中改善保障措施的實施和性能。
PowerFlex服務：強大的整合技術
通過同時采集超聲脈沖回波數據和進行彎曲波成像，PowerFlex服務可以提供覆蓋全方位的套管厚度和水泥的高分辨率圖像。PowerFlex服務測量的第三界面回波（TIEs）是唯一能夠對偏心套管外壁進行成像的技術。這種對測量數據進行的創新性整合，可以實現對所有水泥類型和密度進行精確、可靠的評價，尤其可以進行識別和量化脫落的水泥，它還利于進行重晶石分層評價。
PowerEcho服務：簡單直接的測量數據
PowerEcho服務不僅適用于大多數采用常規固井方式的井，也適用于其他采用各種類型和密度水泥固井的井，根據其強大的回波脈沖測量數據，它可以提供套管厚度和水泥的高分辨率圖。
采用最新的傳感器技術和創新的處理軟件和硬件，PowerFlex和PowerEcho服務可以提供那些常規技術無法提供的高分辨率信息。
幫助采納鉆井決策
PowerFlex環空保障措施評價服務可以在設備出井后2小時內提供解決方案。
1.降低評估的不確定性；
2.提高決策的可信度；
3.最多減少50%的測量時間；
4.同時進行套管檢查和固井評價；
5.監測鉆井時套管磨損，評估破裂壓力；
6.避免測井前的流體交換。
PowerFlex服務一次入井，針對4層尾管，以兩倍的測量速度，同時評價固井質量和套管磨損，為深水鉆井船節約12小時作業時間
PowerFlex服務一次入井，針對4層尾管，以兩倍的測量速度，同時評價固井質量和套管磨損，為深水鉆井船節約12小時作業時間
幫助采納固井決策
采用PowerFlex或 PowerEcho服務，針對固井診斷和質量改善進行一次全面的分析。
確認并改善：
1.可靠的固井可視化信息以確認：
-水泥在各個方位的分布；
-足夠的套管居中度；
-無竄槽。
2.獲得的信息可以改善后續井的：
-水泥分布情況；
-固井質量；
-套管居中情況。
即使是在泥漿密度較大，套管較厚、尺寸較大，水泥密度較輕的復雜環境下，PowerFlex服務仍可以帶來高質量的固井圖，有價值的套管居中度信息及其對水泥分布影響。
幫助采納解釋決策
在Techlog*井筒軟件平臺，采用全新的處理、可視化和解釋流程，全面綜合評估固井水泥層和套管情況。對水泥和套管進行詳細、可靠的分析，可以幫助在油井的整個生命周期（從鉆井到棄井）進行決策。
1.診斷和理解：
– 采用Invizion*井筒完整性服務進行綜合的固井評價；
2.套管居中度和套管接觸點；
3.微環隙診斷；
4.滲漏通道分析；
5.破裂和坍塌條件下的套管檢測；
6.重晶石分層評價；
7.環空圈閉氣。
幫助采納棄井決策
幫助操作人員在棄井前清楚地理解環空的風險和狀況，特別是關鍵信息不可用的老井。如果不了解如上信息，那么套管的回收、保障措施的移除或安裝必將耗時、耗財且頻繁出錯。
說明并優化：
1.評估并優化套管的回收：
-重晶石分層的間隔；
-套管據中度分析以便做出精確的切割決策，接觸點分析。
2.理解環空狀況以提高保障措施移除或安裝時的操作安全性：
-識別圈閉氣；
-評估套管固井質量；
-診斷地層蠕變；
-回收前評估套管狀況；
-確認是否有竄槽。
3.棄井流程改進：
-水泥分布質量；
-實施保障措施間隔的選擇。
PowerFlex服務的3D TIE輸出為完全居中的內（灰色）外（紅色）層套管的P&A套管切割操作提供了清晰的圖像
您也有讓人撓頭的難題需要解決，或是優質技術想要找應用市場嗎？如果有的話，歡迎聯系小編微信或郵箱，也許能找到一劑良藥。
二丫：131-3255-0596；zhanglingyu@raiborn.com
大安：131-3203-1392；lishian@raiborn.com
Assuring the integrity of the well—from well construction to abandonment—is critical to preventing damage to people, the environment, and assets. Catastrophic incidents attributed to the failure of well integrity are the global driver for improvement in the installation and evaluation of barriers. Barrier evaluation must be robust, reliable, and timely in all possible conditions. Only then can it fulfill its critical role in decisions that mitigate risks in current well operations—and help improve barrier installation and performance in the next well.
PowerFlex service—a powerful combination
By simultaneously acquiring ultrasonic pulse-echo measurements and flexural wave imaging, PowerFlex service provides a high-resolution map of pipe thickness and cement with full azimuthal coverage. The measurement of third-interface echoes (TIEs) by PowerFlex service uniquely images the outer wall for pipe standoff. This innovative combination of measurements enables precise, reliable evaluation of all cement types and weights, particularly for identifying and qualifying debonded cement, and excels at barite sag evaluation.
PowerEcho service—a single straightforward measurement
For more conventionally constructed wells—but also performing in all cement types and weights— PowerEcho service delivers a high-resolution map of pipe thickness and cement from its powerful pulse-echo measurement.
With new transducer technology and innovative processing software and firmware, PowerFlex and PowerEcho services deliver high-resolution information where conventional technology cannot perform.
Powering Drilling Decisions
Use PowerFlex annular barrier evaluation service when you need the industry’s best wellsite answers, available within 2 hours of pulling out of hole.
Evaluate and take action
1.Reduce evaluation uncertainty
2.Increase confidence in decisions
3.Cut logging time up to 50%
4.Simultaneously conduct casing inspection and cement evaluation
5.Monitor drill wear and evaluate burst pressure
6.Eliminate fluid swapping before logging
Powering Cementing Decisions
Run PowerFlex or PowerEcho service to conduct a comprehensive analysis for cementing diagnosis and improvement.
Confirm and improve
1.Reliable visualization of the cement to confirm
-azimuthal placement of cement
-adequate pipe centralization
-absence of channels
2.Information to improve the next well’s
-cement placement
-cement quality
-pipe centralization
Powering Interpretation Decisions
Comprehensively evaluate both the cement sheath and pipe condition with novel processing, visualization, and interpretation workflows in the Techlog* wellbore software platform. Detailed and reliable diagnosis of cement and pipe behavior informs decisions across the life of the well, from drilling through abandonment.
1.Diagnose and understand
-Integrated cement evaluation with Invizion* well integrity services
2.Pipe standoff and casing contact points
3.Microannulus diagnosis
4.Leak path analysis
5.Pipe inspection for burst and collapse conditions
6.Barite sag evaluation
7.Trapped gas in the annulus
Powering Abandonment Decisions
Clearly understand annulus hazards and behavior prior to abandonment, especially in older wells where critical information is unavailable. Without this informed basis, pipe retrieval and barrier removal or placement can default to time-consuming and costly trial and error.
Illuminate and optimize
1.Evaluation to optimize casing retrieval
-intervals of barite sag
-pipe standoff behavior for precisely placed cut decisions and contact points
2.Understanding of the annular condition to improve the operational safety of barrier retrieval or placement
-identify trapped gas
-evaluate casing cement
-diagnose formation creep
-evaluate pipe condition prior to retrieval
-confirm presence or absence of channels
3.Abandonment process improvement
-cement placement quality
-interval selection for barrier placement
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