里約州政府或將撤銷新的石油稅收法案
據路透社報道，里約州政府正考慮撤銷于去年年底提出的提高石油稅收的法案。里約熱內盧州是巴西石油重鎮，其石油和天然氣產量分別占巴西總產量的68%和44%。由于近年來巴西經濟一蹶不振，里約州政府為了彌補財政收入的不足，于去年年底提出了提高石油稅收的7182號和7183號法案。根據新法案，Campos盆地產出的每桶原油的平頭稅將增加2.71雷亞爾，且每桶原油的商品和服務稅將被調至18%。里約州政府預計新法案的實施將使其今年的財政收入增加18億雷亞爾。按計劃這兩項稅收法案將于三月底生效，這將威脅到包括巴油，BG及Petrorio在內的眾多石油公司的利益。因此，該法案還未實施便受到了各石油公司的強烈反對。近日，Galp, Statoil, Shell和Chevron石油公司分別雇傭了律師事務所對里約州政府提起個人訴訟。與此同時，巴西石油協會（IBP）也將代表其所有的入會企業對里約州政府提起聯合訴訟。鑒于來自各方的壓力，里約州政府正在考慮撤銷新的石油稅收法案。
Rio de Janeiro state in Brazil reportedly plans to scrap new oil and gas production taxes before they are due to take effect next month, as the global oil and gas industry continues to struggle.The state, responsible for 68% of Brazil’s oil production and 44% of its natural gas output, decided late last year that it would charge a flat tax of 2.71 reais ($0.67) on every barrel of oil and gas produced in the Campos basin.The Rio state government also passed an 18% goods-and-service tax on each barrel of oil.The government expected to raise about 1.8 billion reais this year from the new tax, and planned to direct the new funds towards social services that have suffered amid a faltering economy.According to Reuters, citing a knowledgeable source, the government has now decided not to implent the tax, which reportedly would have pushed the breakeven price on a barrel of pre-salt oil to $60 to $80 a barrel, from the current pre-tax $40 to $50 a barrel.
Libra油田取得新的石油發現
巴西國家石油公司（Petrobras）近日宣布，位于Libra油田西北部的3-BRSA-1305A-RJS (3-RJS-739A)評價井經測試證實了新的大型輕質油藏的發現，進一步增加了Libra油田的探明儲量。巴油在該井下5527米的位置發現了厚度為270米的油藏，且在井下不同地層進行的兩項鉆頭測試也顯示出該油藏的高品質和良好的生產能力。Libra油田的另一口代號為3-RJS-742的評價井剛剛于2月6日開始鉆井，計劃鉆井深度5527米。巴油計劃于2017年第一季度采用一艘日產5萬桶原油的FPSO對Libra油田進行探邊測試。巴油作為Libra油田的作業者擁有其40%的股權，殼牌和道達爾各擁有其20%的股權，中石油和中海油各擁有其10%的股權。
State-run Brazilian giant Petrobras has proved up additional resources at its Libra discovery in the pre-salt Santos basin with a successful appraisal well.Petrobras said thiss week that Libra appraisal well 3-BRSA-1305A-RJS (3-RJS-739A), on the north-west portion of the block, had been successfully tested, confirming the extension of a huge reservoir of light oil described as excellent in both quality and well productivity.The probe, at 5527 metres, found a 270-metre hydrocarbon column of pay.Two drill stem tests, performed on two different intervals, “have confirmed the excellent productivity of these reservoirs” and good oil quality, similar to prior wells 2-ANP-2A-RJS and 3-RJS-731.Another well, dubbed 3-RJS-742, was spudded on 6 February and will be drilled to a depth of 5527 metres. The well’s oil-bearing zone was identified by wireline logging and fluid samples, Petrobras said.First oil from Libra is expected in the first quarter of 2017 and will be produced through the Pioneiro de Libra floating production, storage and offloading vessel. The 50,000-barrel per day unit will conduct a series of extended well tests at the field.Petrobras operates Libra with 40% and is partnered by Shell and Total, both on 20%, CNPC and CNOOC, both on 10% and state-owned contract manager PPSA.
PetroRio收購Bijupira-Salema油田計劃破產
近日，殼牌石油公司取消了向巴西PetroRio公司出售其Bijupira-Salema油田80%股權的交易。PetroRio公司于2015年1月和殼牌公司達成協議，計劃以1.5億美元的價格收購殼牌公司在Bijupira-Salema油田的80%股權，及在該油田作業的Fluminense FPSO。該FPSO可日產7萬桶原油和200萬立方米天然氣。由于談判條款具有保密性，殼牌公司未向外界公開取消股權轉讓交易的原因。此外，PetroRio公司于2015年7月還以2500萬美金的價格從巴油手中收購了Bijupira-Salema油田20%的股權，但據消息稱，目前該股權轉讓交易尚未獲得巴西國家石油管理局（ANP）的最終批準。
Shell has cancelled negotiations with Brazilian independent PetroRio for the sale of an 80% stake at the Bijupira-Salema field in the Campos basin, writes Fabio Palmigiani.PetroRio announced in January 2015 an agreement to acquire the stake and operatorship of Bijupira-Salema from the Anglo-Dutch supermajor for $150 million.The deal also included the Fluminense floating production, storage and offloading vessel, which has production capacity of 70,000 barrels per day of oil and 2 million cubic metres per day of natural gas.“Bijupira-Salema will remain in Shell Brazil’s operated portfolio. Shell cannot elaborate on why the deal was not concluded because the terms of the negotiation are confidential,” Shell said.PetroRio said that it will continue its growth strategy through the acquisition of producing fields, and remains active in seeking investment opportunities that create value for its shareholders.The company announced plans last July to acquire a 20% working interest in Bijupira-Salema from Petrobras for $25 million, but Upstream understands that Brazil’s market regulator ANP has yet to sanction the deal.
殼牌在Barreirinhas盆地的勘探期限被延長
近日，殼牌巴西總裁Andre Araujo在公司新聞發布會上表示，巴西國家石油管理局（ANP）已批準將其在Barreirinhas盆地勘探工作的期限從2018年8月延長至2019年11月。殼牌在Barreirinhas盆地共擁有10個區塊。其中，BAR-M-298區塊和BAR-M-340區塊殼牌擁有其全部股權；BAR-M-215, BAR-M-217, BAR-M-252和BAR-M-254區塊殼牌均擁有其65%的股權，泰國PTTEP公司和日本Mitsui公司分別擁有其剩下的25%和10%的股權；BAR-M-300，BAR-M-342，BAR-M-344和BAR-M-388區塊殼牌均擁有其50%的股權，巴油和Galp Energia公司分別擁有其剩余的40%和10%的股權。
Anglo-Dutch supermajor Shell has been given a 15-month extension to carry out exploration work at its new acreage in the Barreirinhas basin off Brazil, suggesting drilling activities in its 10 blocks in the northern equatorial margin may only begin in late 2018.Shell Brazil president Andre Araujo broke the news of the extension, granted by the Brazilian National Petroleum Agency (ANP), at a company press conference this week in Rio de Janeiro.“The ANP recently granted us another 450 days to conduct our exploration programme in Barreirinhas,” Araujo said.The five years covering the first exploration period in Barreirinhas was due to expire in August 2018, but the ANP extension now gives Shell until November 2019 to conclude work in the area. Shell holds 100% stakes in two blocks in Barreirinhas — BAR-M-298 and BAR-M-340.The company also holds a 65% stake in BAR-M-215, BAR-M-217, BAR-M-252 and BAR-M-254, in partnership with Thailand’s PTTEP and Japan’s Mitsui holding 25% and 10% working interests, respectively.Shell also has 50% stakes in blocks BAR-M-300, BAR-M-342, BAR-M-344 and BAR-M-388, together with Petrobras with 40% and Galp Energia on 10%.Shell has commitments on blocks BAR-M-252, BAR-M-340, BAR-M-342, BAR-M-344 and BAR-M-388, including three wells at BAR-M-344. It is understood that Shell has already started the environmental licensing process for drilling. “We are going to fulfill all of our commitments in the Barreirinhas basin. There are several wells that need to be drilled, but this is business as usual,” said Araujo.French player CGG is currently carrying out a 14,500-square kilometre multi-client 3D seismic survey in the region that also encompasses Shell’s blocks, with the company being the main sponsor.The blocks were acquired by Shell through its takeover of BG Group of the UK.
巴油退休高管出任IHC公司顧問
近日，荷蘭Royal IHC公司宣布，將雇傭巴西國家石油公司（Petrobras）上游部門前任主管Miranda Formigli作為顧問，幫助公司發展南美業務。Miranda Formigli自去年從巴油退休后，還出任了Aker Solutions公司的顧問，并幫助澳大利亞Karoon Gas公司為其Kangaroo和Echidna輕質油田的開發建言獻策。IHC于2013年4月進入巴西市場，擁有巴油10艘PLSV的建造合同，目前在巴西共有雇員25人。公司預計到2020年其在巴西的雇員將達到100人的規模，在巴西的收益預計將達到2.5億美元。
Dutch maritime group Royal IHC has appointed former Petrobras upstream boss Jose Miranda Formigli as an advisor to help in the development of the company’s strategic business plan for Latin America.”We are delighted on having Formigli to support us in our strategy for growth in the region. Formigli is a very experienced and knowledgeable person in the oil and gas business,” said Fabio Pereira, IHC sales director for Latin America.IHC, which years ago won contracts to build and deliver 10 flexible pipelaying support vessels to work for Petrobras, revealed plans to expand its footprint in Brazil last October during the OTC Brasil 2015 conference.”I’m very excited in participating in this project with Royal IHC. This represents a unique opportunity … particularly to overcome the current challenging times,” said Formigli.Since retiring from Petrobras a year ago, Formigli has also joined the innovation board of Aker Solutions to advise on strategy and is helping Australia-based Karoon Gas to develop its Kangaroo and Echidna light oil discoveries in the Santos basin.IHC entered Brazil in April 2013 and currently employs about 25 people. The goal is to have more than 100 workers by the end of the decade, when local revenues are expected to increase to $250 million.
Cidade de Marica FPSO開始在Lula油田生產
據悉， Cidade de Marica FPSO已經開始在Lula油田生產，目前第一口井的產量約為35000 bpd。Cidade de Marica FPSO可日產15萬桶原油和600萬立方米天然氣，目前正在Lula Alto區域生產，作業水深2120米，距離海岸270公里。Cidade de Marica FPSO于2015年7月駛入巴西Brasa船廠進行總裝。隨著該FPSO的完工，其孿生FPSO Cidade de Saquarema也緊接著駛入了Brasa船廠進行總裝，計劃于今年第二季度駛往Lula Central區域作業。這兩艘FPSO均歸合資公司所有，其中SBM持股56%，Mitsubishi Corporation持股20%，Nippon Yusen Kabushiki Kaisha公司持股19%，Queiroz Galvao Oleo e Gas持股5%。Lula油田位于BM-S-11區塊，巴油擁有該區塊65%的股權，英國BG公司和葡萄牙Petrogal公司各擁有其25%和10%的股權。
Petrobras has started producing from its Cidade de Marica floating production, storage and offloading unit in the pre-salt Santos basin off Brazil.The floater, owned by a consortium containing SBM Offshore, is now in operation at the Lula Alto area of the Lula field in BM-S-11, the Brazilian state oil giant said on Tuesday.The unit has capacity to produce up to 150,000 barrels per day of oil and 6 million cubic metres per day of gas.One source told Upstream that production from the first well had started up at around 35,000 bpd of oil, consistent with the very high flows achieved so far in the heart of Brazil’s pre-salt province.The floater is stationed about 270 kilometres from Brazil’s coast in 2120 metres of water.The Cidade de Marica arrived at Brazil’s Brasa shipyard in July for integration of modules. It was followed into the yard by the Cidade de Saquarema, which is slated for delivery to Petrobras in the second quarter to join the sister unit at the Lula field, but at the Lula Central area.The twin FPSOs were both constructed from the blueprint of the Cidade de Ilhabela, which started production in November last year.The FPSOs are owned and operated by a joint venture between SBM (56%), Mitsubishi Corporation (20%), Nippon Yusen Kabushiki Kaisha (19%), and Queiroz Galvao Oleo e Gas (5%).The Lula field sits in Block BM-S-11, where Petrobras is operator on 65% and is joined by UK player BG – now part of Anglo-Dutch supermajor Shell – on 25% and Portugal’s Petrogal on 10%.
Lula油田產量增勢強勁
據巴西國家石油管理局（ANP）公布的數據顯示，Lula油田2015年12月的產量為442,200 boed，幾乎占到了巴西石油總產量的五分之一。其中Lula油田去年12月份的天然氣產量達到了20.6MMcmd，占巴西天然氣總產量的20.5%。Lula油田投產已有五年，目前有18口生產井，分別連接至4艘FPSO進行生產，其中三艘FPSO的產量已進入平穩階段。Lula油田每口井的平均產量為24,500 bpd，其中產量最高的7-LL-31D-RJS井于2015年12月份已達到了34,280 bpd。目前Lula油田的第五艘FPSO Cidade de Marica已開始作業，第六搜FPSO Cidade de Saquarema也將于今年第二季度開始作業，這兩艘FPSO均可日產15萬桶原油。此外，2020年前還將有四艘FPSO趕赴Lula油田作業，屆時Lula油田的石油產量預計將達到1.4MMboed。為了運輸產自Santos盆地的天然氣，巴油已于上周開始運營Route 2天然氣輸氣管線。Route 2連接位于Macae市的Cabiunas天然氣終端，輸氣能力13 MMcmd。此外，第三條輸氣管線Route 3也計劃于2017年第四季度投入運營，輸氣能力18 MMcmd。
Flow of oil increasing rapidly at giant pre-salt field, which already accounts for almost a fifth of Brazil’s entire production.Output from the giant Lula pre-salt field off Brazil is outstripping expectations and increasing at rapid rates, with production units now ramping up significantly faster than the first units to be brought online.Fresh data from Brazil’s National Petroleum Agency (ANP) show that the Lula field produced 442,200 barrels per day of oil in December 2015, representing almost a fifth of the country’s entire output of 2.53 million bpd in the period.The record-breaking numbers for Petrobras at Lula were achieved from just 18 oil producing wells linked to four floating production, storage and offloading vessels, of which three are already at plateau.It also comes just a little over five years after the first FPSO — Cidade de Angra dos Reis — was deployed on the field, indicating that despite the problems in the ongoing Car Wash corruption scandal, Petrobras is still delivering on the production side even if not at the rates originally promised.Lula is producing on average 24,500 bpd per well, but some are flowing at much higher rates. According to the ANP, the 7-LL-31D-RJS well was the top producer in December 2015 at 34,280 bpd. While it took Petrobras a little over 18 months to reach peak production at the first two FPSOs at Lula, the company achieved the same target in just 12 months with the third floater, and is already producing more than 80,000 bpd at the Cidade de Itaguai FPSO just six months after first oil.A fifth FPSO, Cidade de Marica, entered operations in Lula this week, and a sixth, Cidade de Saquarema, is due online in the second quarter. Each unit is able to produce 150,000 bpd.By the end of the decade, four additional FPSOs are planned to be installed at Lula, increasing the production capacity of the field to about 1.4 million bpd. Natural gas output from Lula reached 20.6 million cubic metres per day last December, more than twice that of the next biggest field, Mexilhao, at 8.3 MMcmd, and representing about 20.5% of the country’s entire gas production.To assist in the export of pre-salt gas from the Santos basin, Petrobras last week began operating a second pipeline in the area. Route 2 has transportation capacity of 13 MMcmd, linking pre-salt production systems to the Cabiunas gas treatment facility in Rio de Janeiro state.Route 2 will be connected to the Route 1 pipeline, in operation since 2011, and with capacity to offload 10 MMcmd.A third pipeline, Route 3, will be capable of transporting 18 MMcmd once operational in the fourth quarter of 2017.
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- 李曉天
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石油圈認證作者
- 畢業于上海交大，后遠赴巴西攻讀海洋工程博士學位。長期從事巴西海洋油氣市場的研究，并創辦有《巴西海洋工程資訊》及SinoBrazilOffshore微信公眾號。
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