眾所周知，稠油的陸地油田開采及分離、儲運等處理已進行了多年，業內在該方面也積累了雄厚的技術和先進的經驗，但與之形成鮮明對比的是，在深水等復雜井況下的稠油處理還是業內一個難以逾越的挑戰。
其中難度最大的一點就是油/水的分離，油/水的密度差異小，而且稠油的黏度相對于常規原油要高很多，這為稠油的開采帶來了巨大困難。常規的靜電水分離裝置效率較低，經濟效率低，也無法應用于偏遠作業地區。近年來，一項新的內嵌電子液體聚結器（inLine electroCoalescer）技術逐漸進入人們的視野。
內嵌電子液體聚結器能夠顯著提高乳化油體中水滴的聚結效率。這項技術有望顛覆下游行業的稠油分離現狀，帶來革命性的改變。油/水混合物通過電場的作用，處于離散狀態的水滴帶有極性，而后水滴會改變在電場中無規則的運動狀態。這樣，水滴相互靠近，逐漸聚結成更大的水滴，從操作的角度來看，更大的水滴更易于分離，整體的油/水分離效率就會得到顯著的提高。
該裝置可以用于提高現有油/水分離系統的整體分離效率和穩定性，同時還能減少能量消耗和化學藥劑用量。毫無疑問，無論將該設備安裝在水下或者地面，下游用于分離油/水的設備必定會減少，從而降低整體操作成本，提高經濟效益。石油圈原創www.h29736.cn
FMC 的 InLine ElectroCoalescer 技術
FMC公司的 InLine ElectroCoalescer 就是新型油/水分離裝置的杰出代表，經驗證，FMC的分離裝置能夠有效的對中質、重質稠油進行高效的油/分離，最大化原油含量。InLine ElectroCoalescer 具有管式結構，結構緊湊，在工作時通入高頻、高壓交流電產生電場，用來聚結水滴，以便加速下游裝置進一步油水分離。
在新井的完井過程中，通過在上游生產裝置安裝InLine ElectroCoalescer能夠顯著提高分離裝置的分離能力。對于老井和舊的分離裝置，該設備能夠解決生產瓶頸，減少乳化劑的注入量，降低油/水分離過程中的熱量損耗。對于還未開發到油田，適用該裝置意味著更下的分離設施和更少的乳化劑使用量，對于環境和收益都有好處。
FMC的InLine ElectroCoalescer 裝置結構緊湊，相對于其他常規的電子液體聚結器，該設備大小和質量僅為25%—50%，如此的緊湊設計使得該設備具有其他設備不具有的優勢。較小的裝置和重量使得該設備可以安裝在深水原油輸送系統，這樣就能夠實現原油的長距離無水管道輸送，降低了能量損耗。
產品特性及優勢石油圈原創www.h29736.cn
- 耐高溫，最高工作溫度200°C，能夠滿足大多數工作要求；
- 耐高壓，最高工作壓力100bar；石油圈原創www.h29736.cn
- 結構緊湊，輕便設計，安裝簡便；
- 降低分離裝置的體積和重量，為海上平臺操作節省空間；
- 特殊的電場設計，對于黏度不高于30cP的原油都能有效的分離；
- 減少乳化劑和加熱裝置的使用；
- 可擴展應用。石油圈原創www.h29736.cn
如需獲取關于該技術的更多資料，請聯系石油圈技術運營 驚蟄，QQ：2582825239。
來自/FMC Technology ?譯者/Lemon ?編輯/Lemon
Although heavy oil has been processed onshore successfully for many decades, processing heavy oil in deepwater, subsea, or Arctic fields is extremely challenging. One key challenge is oil/ water separation, in which physical separation is constrained by the high viscosity of the crude and the narrow density difference between oil and water. Installing conventional electrostatic coalescers or dehydrators is often not economical or is impractical at remote locations. As part of ExxonMobil’s subsea program, several different separation technologies have been investigated and tested that could enable development of these fields. One example of such a technology is an inline electrocoalescer device.
An inline electrocoalescer device enhances the coalescence of water droplets dispersed in emulsified oils. This technology has the potential to improve the performance of the downstream oil/ water separator considerably. By applying an electrical field to an oil/water mixture, the dispersed water droplets become polarized and reorient themselves in the electrical field. As these water droplets approach one another, attractive forces between the individual water droplets lead to coalescence. Larger water droplets that can be separated faster and more easily in the downstream separation equipment are formed. Such a device can be used to increase the throughput, performance, and reliability of existing oil-processing systems, while reducing the energy consumption and/or use of chemical demulsifiers. In new processing systems, either subsea or topside, deployment of such a device has the potential to significantly reduce the size and weight of the downstream separation equipment, thereby lowering the overall capital expenditure
FMC Technologies’ InLine ElectroCoalescer enables efficient oil/water separation and helps maximize deepwater production of medium and heavy oil. This compact, pipe-based technology uses a high-frequency, alternating current with high voltage to polarize, coalesce and enlarge water droplets, which can then be separated much faster in the downstream separation equipment.
Installing an InLine ElectroCoalescer upstream of a separator greatly increases the capacity of that separator. In older facilities, this results in debottlenecking, reduced demulsifier injection or decreased energy consumption of the heating system. For greenfield applications this means the size of the separator and the use of demulsifiers can be greatly reduced. The InLine ElectroCoalescer is compact itself — one-half to one-fourth the size and weight of other electrostatic coalescers. This reduced size and weight make it ideal for installation in deepwater subsea processing systems, and allow for hydrate-free export of crude oil through long-distance pipelines to a host facility.
Benefits of the InLine ElectroCoalescer:
- Design temperature up to 200°C；
- High pressure operation: design pressure up to 100 barg；
- Compact and lightweight design；
- Reduced size and weight of separation equipment and offshore platform structures；
- High efficiency due to unique power supply principles for oil viscosities up to 30 cP；
- Easily up scalable；
- Reduced demulsifier and heating requirements。
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石油圈認證作者
- 畢業于中國石油大學（北京），化學工程與技術碩士，長期聚焦國內外石油行業前沿技術裝備信息，具有數十萬字技術文獻翻譯經驗。如需獲取更多技術資料，請聯系Demons（QQ2582825239；微信15810965891）
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