
面對深海高溫高壓井復雜的生產環境,Dril-Quip公司推出新一代水下井口系統,該套設備以其優越的性能表現解決了深海井口系統面臨的多種技術挑戰。
來自 | Dril-Quip
編譯 | 葡萄
Dril-Quip公司的BigboreⅡe水下井口系統可以靈活調節以匹配復雜的套管組合形式,滿足水下高溫高壓的生產環境要求。整套設備通過了結構性能測試和抗疲勞測試。其高壓井口頭公稱內徑18-3/4″,工作壓力等級有15000psi和20000psi兩種,工作筒外徑有27″和30″兩種,井口頭可匹配連接表套以及16″和18″兩種輔助套管懸掛系統。
系統特征
(1)消除鉆井/生產鎖定設備;
(2)密封總成可實現高溫高壓下懸掛鎖定載荷達2百萬磅;
(3)通過減少起下鉆次數大大降低操作費用;
(4)其載荷能夠承受鉆機2萬磅/平方英寸的壓力強度和高溫高壓井設計承載需求;
(5)DXe鎖定剖面提高了結構性能和抗疲勞強度;
(6)根據API 16A第四版和API 17?TR7標準,該設備通過正常、極限和生存載荷試驗;
(7)通過全套設備的抗疲勞測試;
(8)在20000psi、35-350℉條件下進行動態密封性測試,測試結果符合API 6A 附錄F PR2 Group 4標準要求。
系統設計
BigboreⅡe水下井口系統是專為深海高溫高壓井口設計的新一代井口系統。

(1)采用金屬對金屬密封形式,在35-350℉條件下,可用于15000psi(27″)和20000psi(30″)兩種工作壓力和含有硫化氫的環境。
(2)系統底部內孔承載臺階可承受880萬磅的末端載荷(包括套管重量和實驗壓力)。
(3)DXe鎖定剖面使得設備具備很強的抗彎、抗拉和承載能力。
(4)利用位于22″/23″表套接頭處的輔助接頭連接18″和16″套管懸掛輔助系統。
(5)18″和16″套管、套管懸掛器和可測試/檢索/更換密封總成能夠通過外徑為21″的鉆井隔水導管、18-3/4″的防噴器組和BigboreⅡe井口頭。
(6)所有的懸掛器和密封總成都是通過鉆桿一次下入、安裝和測試的。
(7)高壓井口頭以2百萬磅預載荷鎖緊低壓井口頭,將導管和表套組裝在一起,提高設備抗彎和抗疲勞性能。
(8)應用了已被現場驗證過的BigboreⅡ-H高溫高壓金屬對金屬密封技術。
(9)利用遠程輔助環空封閉監測系統監測所有水泥返高至地表的套管柱。
(10)所有套管懸掛器環空流道面積大。
(11)可通過鉆頭的抗磨襯套和抗磨補心。
(12)可供選擇的水合物導流板。
(13)具有備用套管。
(14)所有組件設計都是基于目前BigboreⅡ-H技術和BigboreⅡ的現場成功應用經驗。
套管懸掛器密封總成
BigboreⅡe套管懸掛器密封總成具有高強度鎖緊能力和雙向高壓金屬對金屬密封,適合用于高溫高壓液體或氣體中。

(1)井口凹槽處的密封用于防止密封筒劃痕;
(2)外部鎖環鎖緊井口,固定住密封件,防止套管受熱后套管懸掛器和密封總成產生過多移動;
(3)內部鎖環鎖緊套管懸掛器,防止密封件受到下壓影響產生移動;
(4)密封總成外部鎖環具備2000000磅的鎖緊力;
(5)在氣體介質中,按照API 6A PR2要求無泄露以及Group 4動態密封測試要求沒有彈性材料,均成功通過測試;
(6)金屬對金屬密封采用重力加壓實現密封;
(7)密封總成下部有一個壓力輔助拉出器,利用它通過試驗壓力將密封件拉到預定密封位置;
(8)在第一和第二個套管懸掛器位置使用相同的密封總成,將懸掛器和井口同時密封鎖緊;
(9)只需垂直拉動即可收回密封總成,無需轉動;
(10)利用密封總成送入工具可單獨下入。
性能測試
Dril-Quip水下井口系統及其組件符合最新行業標準。

(1)Dril-Quip公司內有經驗的應力分析工程師利用最新三維有限元分析軟件對井口系統進行評估。
(2)設備的驗證和性能測試都通過了最新的API標準。
(3)所有井口組件都經過了性能測試并符合API 17D 第二版和6A PR2第二十版的要求。
(4)所有井口組件都經過了高溫高壓測試,除了動態密封測試達到行業標準以上要求外,其余滿足API 6A 附錄 F Group 4要求。
(5)井口系統的整體驗證和性能測試確保單個組件達到或超出了系統整體性能要求。
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Dril-Quip’s BigBore IIe? Subsea Wellhead System meets the demands of HPHT well environments. The BigBore IIe? is fully verified and validation tested for structural capacity and high fatigue resistance.
The 18 ?” nominal bore high-pressure wellhead housing is available with a 15,000 psi and a 20,000 psi working pressure (WP) rating. It is available with a 27″ nominal O.D. and a 30″ nominal O.D. mandrel. The wellhead is sized for mating to surface casing and accommodates 16″ and 18″ supplemental casing hanger systems.
The BigBore IIe Subsea Wellhead System is highly flexible to accommodate a complex casing program that satisfies deep HPHT well objectives.
Features / beneFits unique to the bigbore iie?
?Eliminates the need for extra drilling and production lockdown devices
?Seal Assembly provides 2 million lbs. hanger lockdown capacity to resist thermal and pressure loads
?Significant cost savings by reducing the number of trips
?High load capacity meets requirements of next generation 20 ksi drilling rigs and HPHT well designs
?DXe? locking profile offers industry best structural capacity and fatigue resistance
?Tested and qualified to normal, extreme and survival loads per API 16A 4th Edition and API 17TR7
?Full scale fatigue tested
?Qualified to 20,000 psi WP and 35° to 350° F per API 6A Appendix F PR2 Group 4, with additional dynamic seal endurance testing
The BigBore IIe Subsea Wellhead System is the next- generation wellhead system designed for HPHT service in deepwater / deep well applications.
?Designed for 15,000 psi (27″) and 20,000 psi (30″) rated working pressure and H2S service between 35° to 350° F with all metal-to-metal sealing
?Supports 8.8 million lbs of end-load (combination of casing weight and test pressure) at the bottom internal landing / load shoulder profile
?Highest available combination of bending, tension and load capacities using the Dril-Quip DXe? profile
?Utilizes adapters positioned in 22″/23″ surface casing joints for landing 18″ and 16″ supplemental casing hanger systems
?18″ and 16″ casing, casing hangers and testable / retrievable
/ replaceable seal assemblies can pass through 21″ OD drilling riser, 18-3/4″ BOP Stack and BigBore IIe wellhead housing
?All casing hangers and seal assemblies are run, set and
tested on drill pipe running string in a single trip
?
High pressure wellhead actively locked into low pressure wellhead with 2.0 millions lbs of preload to unitize both conductor and surface strings for superior bending load reaction and fatigue resistance
?Utilizes field proven BigBore II-H HPHT metal-to-metal sealing technology
?Incorporates ROV-assisted annulus shutoff monitoring systems for all casing strings cemented back to surface
?Large cement return flow-by areas on all casing hanger systems
?Bit-runnable wear sleeves and wear busings available
?Available with hydrate diversion plate option
?Alternate casing programs accommodated
?All component designs are based on existing BigBore II-H technology and long successful BigBore-II field history
The BigBore IIe Casing Hanger Seal Assembly provides high lockdown capacity and bi-directional high pressure metal- to-metal sealing, suitable for liquid or gas HPHT service.
?Seals in a recessed groove in the wellhead bore, which protects against scoring in the seal bore
?Locks to the wellhead using the outer lock ring to hold down the seal and prevent excessive movement of casing hanger and seal when casing strings are exposed to thermal growth loading
?Locks to casing hanger using the inner lock ring to resist seal movement when seal is exposed to pressure from below
?Seal Assembly outer lock ring as 2,000,000 lbs lockdown capacity
?Successfully tested in gas medium per API 6A PR2 requirements with zero leakage and Group 4 Dynamic seal endurance testing with no elastomers
?Metal-to-Metal sealing element is weight set and pressure energized
?Lower portion of seal has pressure assisted puller element that acts as piston to pull seal into position using test pressure
?Same seal assembly is used on first and second position casing hangers; seal locks to both casing hanger and wellhead
?Can be retrieved with straight vertical pull – no rotation required
?Can be run separately with Seal Assembly Running Tool
Dril-Quip subsea WeLLheaD anD coMPonents are quaLiFieD to the Latest inDustry stanDarDs
?Designs are evaluated with the latest 3-D analytical software tools by experienced Dril-Quip stress engineers.
?The latest API standards are used for both design verification and validation testing.
?Wellhead components have been tested and qualified to API 17D 2nd Edition and 6A PR2 20th Edition requirements.
?High pressure/high temperature wellhead system components have been tested and qualified to API 6A Appendix F Group 4 in addition to dynamic seal testing over and above industry requirements.
?Complete system integrated verification and vali- dation testing helps assure individual component capacities match or exceed the system capacity requirements.
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